Isano Hagati ya Alloy Steel Gukora Inzira no Gukomera

Gukoresha ibyuma byo guhimba ibyuma bigira uruhare runini mubukomere bwibicuruzwa byanyuma, ikintu cyingenzi muguhitamo imikorere nigihe kirekire cyibigize. Amashanyarazi avanze, agizwe nicyuma nibindi bintu nka chromium, molybdenum, cyangwa nikel, byerekana imiterere yubukanishi ugereranije nicyuma cya karubone. Inzira yo guhimba, irimo guhindura ibyuma ukoresheje imbaraga zo guhonyora, bigira uruhare runini muguhuza iyi mitungo, cyane cyane gukomera.

Ubuhanga bwo guhimba n'ingaruka zabyo mubukomere

1. Guhimba bishyushye: Iyi nzira ikubiyemo gushyushya ibyuma bivanze n'ubushyuhe hejuru yubushyuhe bwayo, mubisanzwe hagati ya 1100 ° C na 1200 ° C. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bugabanya ubukonje bwicyuma, bigatuma habaho guhinduka byoroshye. Guhimba bishyushye biteza imbere ingano inoze, byongera ibyuma bya mashini, harimo no gukomera. Nyamara, ubukana bwa nyuma biterwa nigipimo gikonje gikurikiraho hamwe no kuvura ubushyuhe bukoreshwa. Gukonjesha byihuse birashobora gutuma ubukana bwiyongera bitewe na martensite, mugihe gukonjesha buhoro bishobora kuvamo ibintu bituje, bidakomeye.

2. Gukonjesha ubukonje: Bitandukanye no guhimba bishyushye, gukonjesha gukonje bikorwa cyangwa ubushyuhe bwicyumba. Iyi nzira yongerera imbaraga nubukomezi bwibintu binyuze mu gukomera cyangwa gukora akazi. Gukonjesha gukonje ni byiza kubyara ibipimo nyabyo kandi birangiye hejuru, ariko bigarukira ku guhindagurika kwa alloy ku bushyuhe buke. Ubukomezi bwagezweho binyuze mubukonje bukonje buterwa nurwego rwimikorere ikoreshwa hamwe nibihimbano. Nyuma yo kwibeshya kuvura ubushyuhe akenshi birakenewe kugirango ugere kurwego rwifuzwa no kugabanya imihangayiko isigaye.

3. Gukoresha Isothermal Forging: Ubu buhanga buhanitse burimo guhimba ku bushyuhe buguma buhoraho mugihe cyose, mubisanzwe hafi yimpera yo hejuru yubushyuhe bwakazi. Gukoresha Isothermal bigabanya ubushyuhe bwikigereranyo kandi bigafasha kugera kuri microstructure imwe, ishobora kongera ubukana hamwe nubukanishi rusange bwibyuma. Iyi nzira ni ingirakamaro cyane kubikorwa-byo hejuru bisaba gukomera gukomeye.

Kuvura ubushyuhe n'uruhare rwarwo

Inzira yo guhimba yonyine ntabwo igena ubukana bwa nyuma bwibyuma. Kuvura ubushyuhe, harimo annealing, kuzimya, hamwe nubushyuhe, ni ngombwa mugushikira urwego rwihariye. Urugero:

- Annealing: Ubu buryo bwo kuvura burimo gushyushya ibyuma ubushyuhe bwinshi hanyuma ukonjesha buhoro. Annealing igabanya ubukana ariko itezimbere guhindagurika no gukomera.

- Kuzimya: Gukonjesha byihuse bivuye ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru, ubusanzwe mu mazi cyangwa mu mavuta, bihindura microstructure yicyuma kuri martensite, byongera cyane ubukana.

- Ubushyuhe: Gukurikira kuzimya, kurakara bikubiyemo gushyushya ibyuma ubushyuhe buke kugirango uhindure ubukana no kugabanya imihangayiko y'imbere. Iyi nzira iringaniza gukomera no gukomera.

Umwanzuro

Isano iri hagati yicyuma cyo guhimba ibyuma no gukomera birakomeye kandi byinshi. Guhimba bishyushye, gukonjesha gukonje, hamwe no guhimba isothermal buriwese bigira ingaruka muburyo butandukanye, kandi ubukana bwa nyuma nabwo buterwa no kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma. Gusobanukirwa iyi mikoranire ituma abajenjeri batezimbere uburyo bwo guhimba kugirango bagere ku cyifuzo cyifuzwa no muri rusange cyibikoresho byibyuma. Uburyo bukwiye bwo guhimba no gutunganya ubushyuhe byemeza ko ibicuruzwa bivangwa nicyuma byujuje ibyifuzo byingirakamaro bitandukanye, uhereye kumodoka kugeza ibice byindege.