Akamaro no gutondekanya amavuta ya peteroli

Ibikomoka kuri peteroli ni imiyoboro ikomeye yicyuma ikoreshwa mu gushyigikira inkuta z’amazi ya gaze na gaze, bigatuma iriba rihagarara neza mugihe cyo gucukura na nyuma yo kurangiza. Uruhare rwabo rwibanze ni ugukomeza ubusugire bw’iriba, gukumira urukuta gusenyuka, no kwemeza neza ko amazi atembera neza. Umubare nu byiciro bya casings bikoreshwa muri buri riba biratandukana ukurikije ubujyakuzimu bwa geologiya. Iyo bimaze gushyirwaho, casings isaba sima kugirango ibone umwanya wabo kandi, kubera imiterere-imwe-imwe-imwe, ntishobora gukoreshwa. Casings ihwanye na 70% yikoreshwa ryimiyoboro myiza.

Itondekanya rya Casings

Ukurikije imikoreshereze yabyo, amavuta ya peteroli arashobora gushyirwa mubwoko bukurikira:

1. Umuyoboro: Ihagaze ku iriba, ishyigikira ibikoresho byo gucukura kandi ikarinda ibyakurikiyeho ingaruka zubutaka.
2. Ubuso: Irinda igice cyo hejuru cyiriba kurwego rwo hejuru, ikumira amazi yubutaka cyangwa indi miterere.
3. Hagati: Itanga infashanyo yinyongera kuriba kandi itandukanya itandukaniro ryumuvuduko hagati yimiterere itandukanye.
4. Umusaruro: Itanga inkunga yanyuma kumariba kandi igira uruhare rutaziguye mubikorwa byo gukora peteroli.

Ubwoko bwa peteroli

Imiyoboro yihariye ya peteroli ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gucukura no gutwara peteroli na gaze, harimo:

1. Kubyara umusaruro: Byakoreshejwe mu gutwara peteroli na gaze kuva hepfo y'iriba hejuru.
2. Urubanza: Shyigikira iriba kandi ryemeza uburyo busanzwe bwo gucukura no kurangiza.
3. Umuyoboro: Huza imyitozo ya bito n'ibikoresho byo gucukura, byohereza ingufu zo gucukura.

Ibisabwa hamwe nubuziranenge bwa peteroli

Urebye ibintu bigoye kandi bihindagurika mubutaka, amavuta agomba kuba yujuje ibi bikurikira:

• Imbaraga Ibisabwa: Casings igomba kuba ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo guhangana nigitutu nigitutu cyimiterere. Ibyiciro bitandukanye byibyuma bikoreshwa, harimo J55, K55, N80, L80, C90, T95, P110, Q125, V150, nibindi. Ibyiciro bitandukanye bikwiranye nubujyakuzimu butandukanye nibidukikije.
• Kurwanya ruswa: Mubidukikije byangirika, casings igomba kuba ifite imbaraga zihagije zo kwangirika.
• Gusenyuka Kurwanya: Mubihe bigoye bya geologiya, casings igomba kugira imbaraga nziza zo gusenyuka kugirango birinde kunanirwa neza.

Akamaro ko kuvoma peteroli mu nganda za peteroli

Inganda zikomoka kuri peteroli zishingiye cyane cyane kuri peteroli, hamwe ningaruka zikomeye kubiciro no gukora neza. Akamaro kagaragarira mu bintu byinshi:

1. Umubare munini nigiciro kinini: Gukoresha imiyoboro myiza ni byinshi, kandi ibiciro ni byinshi. Kurugero, gucukura metero 1 zubujyakuzimu bisaba hafi kg 62 zamavuta ya peteroli, harimo kg 48 za casings, kg 10 yumusaruro, kg 3 yimiyoboro, na 0.5 kg yandi miyoboro. Kugabanya imikoreshereze nibiciro byerekana imbaraga zubukungu.
2. Ingaruka ku buhanga bwo gucukura: Imiterere yubukanishi nibikorwa by ibidukikije byamavuta ya peteroli bigira ingaruka muburyo bwo gukoresha tekinoroji igezweho no kongera umusaruro.
3. Umutekano no kwizerwa: Kunanirwa mu miyoboro ya peteroli birashobora gutera igihombo kinini mu bukungu, bigatuma umutekano wabo n’ubwizerwe ari ingenzi mu nganda za peteroli.

Muri make, amavuta ya peteroli afite uruhare runini mugucukura amariba ya peteroli, hamwe nubwiza bwayo nibikorwa byayo bigira ingaruka kumikorere ninyungu zubukungu mubikorwa byose byo gucukura.